PAZ SOLDAN, Mariano Felipe, Peruvian statesman, born in Arequipa in 1821. He received his preparatory education in the Seminary of San Geronimo of his native city, and in 1838 went to Lima to study law in the University of San Marcos, where he was graduated in 1843, returning to Arequipa to practice his profession. In the following year he was appointed district judge of Cajamarca and Chota, and gradually rose in his profession, becoming successively judge-auditor of the naval court of Callao, and member of the superior courts of Libertad and Lima.

In 1853 he was sent as minister to Colombia, and on his return he remained for some time in the United States, where he studied the penitentiary system. On his return to Peru he conceived the project of establishing the improved system in that country, and, after he had encountered many difficulties, General Ramon Castillo interested himself in the enterprise, and Paz Soldan directed the construction of the present model penitentiary at Lima.

He held in 1860 the portfolio of foreign relations, and in 1870 that of justice. Later he was appointed general director of public works, and director of the penitentiary that he had established, but afterward he retired to private life, to devote himself entirely to the preparation of his geographical dictionary. In March, 1881, he formed part of Francisco Garcia Calderon's cabinet, but after the arrest of the latter by the Chileans he retired again to private life.

He is professor of literature at the University of San Marcos, and has published in the newspapers of Lima many sonnets. He is the author of "Atlas Geográfico de la República del Perú," published by order of President Castilla (Paris, 1861; French ed., 1865) ; "Historia del Perú Independiente de 1819 a 1827" (Lima, 1868-'70); and "Diccionario Geografico Estadístico del Perú" (1877).

--His brother, Mateo Pas Soldan, born in Arequipa in 1814; died in Lima in 1860, studied in the Seminary of San Geronimo of his native city, was graduated in law in 1835, and afterward employed in the department of taxes. In his leisure hours he studied French, English, Italian, Latin, and Greek, and cultivated mathematical science. He is the author of an excellent "Tratado de Astronomia" (Madrid, 1856), used as a textbook in Spain;" Geografia del Perú," edited by his brother Mariano (Lima, 1860, and French ed., Paris, 1863); and "Tratado de Calculo infinitesimal" (Lima, 1874).

PAZ SOLDAN, Mariano Felipe, Peruvian statesman, born in Arequipa in 1821. He received his preparatory education in the Seminary of San Geronimo of his native city, and in 1838 went to Lima to study law in the University of San Marcos, where he was graduated in 1843, returning to Arequipa to practise his profession. In the following year he was appointed district judge of Cajamarca and Chota, and gradually rose in his profession, becoming successively judge-auditor of the naval court of Callao, and member of the superior courts of Libertad and Lima. In 1853 he was sent as minister to Colombia, and on his return he remained for some time in the United States, where he studied the penitentiary system. On his return to Peru he conceived the project of establishing the improved system in that country, and, after he had encountered many difficulties, General Ramon Castillo interested himself in the enterprise, and Paz Soldan directed the construction of the present model penitentiary at Lima. He held in 1860 the portfolio of foreign relations, and in 1870 that of justice. Later he was appointed general director of public works, and director of the penitentiary that he had established, but afterward he retired to private life, to devote himself entirely to the preparation of his geographical dictionary. In March, 1881, he formed part of Francisco Garcia Calderon's cabinet, but after the arrest of the latter by the Chilians he retired again to private life. He is professor of literature at the University of San Marcos, and has published in the newspapers of Lima many sonnets. He is the author of "Atlas Geogrfifico de la Republica del Peril," published by order of President Castilla (Paris, 1861 ; French ed., 1865) ; "Historia del Peril Independiente de 1819 a 1827" (Lima, 1868-'70); and "Diccionario Geografico Estadlstico del Perd" (1877).--His brother, Mateo, born in Arequipa in 1814; died in Lima in 1860, studied in the Seminary of San Geronimo of his native city, was graduated in law in 1835, and afterward employed in the department of taxes. In his leisure hours he studied French, English, Italian, Latin, and Greek, and cultivated mathematical science. He is the author of an excellent "Tratado de Astronomia" (Madrid, 1856), used as a text-book in Spain;" Geografia del Peru," edited by his brother Mariano (Lima, 1860, and French ed., Paris, 1863) ; and "Tratado de Calculo infinitesimal" (Lima, 1874).

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