Jose Rufino Echenique - A Stan Klos Website
ECHENIQUE, Jose Rufino (aychayne'kay), Peruvian
soldier, born in Puno, Peru, 8 February 1808; died in Arequipa, 18 October 1879.
He entered the Peruvian army as a cadet in 1821, took part in the campaign of
Intermedios in 1823, and fought at the battle of Cochabamba, where he was taken
prisoner and sent to the Island of Esteves, in Lake Titicaca. After the battle
of Ayacucho, 9 December, 1824, he was set at liberty, rejoined his battalion,
and in daily battles contributed to the pacification of Punas de Iquicha, which
was held by the royalists.
He twice fought against the fortresses of Callao, which
rebelled on 14 November 1830, and on 15 January 1831, he retreated to the Andes
and occupied Cerro Pasco. In March of the same year Echenique fought at Junin
against General Miller, and on 30 Jan. defended the bridge of Jobero with
fourteen followers against 100 men under the same general. He was promoted
colonel on 30 April 1832.
When General Santa Cruz occupied Peru in 1835, Echenique
refused to join him; but in 1846, during the administration of Vivanco, he again
entered the army, and was appointed commander-in-chief of Lima. In that year the
civil war was devastating the country, and Echenique left Lima at the head of a
small army, with which he occupied Junin and Ayacucho, and later, together with
General Castillo, checked the second revolution headed by Domingo Elias, whom
they forced to submit.
On 14 December 1846, Echenique was promoted general. He
was elected deputy, senator, and counselor of state, and from 1846 till 1851 was
vice president of the republic. He was elected president in 1852. During his
administration he fostered the material as well as the moral progress and
development of his country. In 1853 he established the navigation of the upper
Amazon, which proved beneficial to the towns along its course.
In 1854 Elias and Castillo revolted against him, and he
was defeated in the struggle that followed, afterward going abroad, where he
remained for seven years. He returned to Peru in 1862, and in 1864 was elected
to congress. He was president of the lower house, afterward senator, and twice
president of the latter body. On May 2, 1866, he took part in the combat of
Callao against the Spanish squadron. General Echenique was decorated with
several foreign orders.
--His son, Juan Martin Echenique, born in Lima in
1841, was educated in Spain, and since 1859 he has taken active part in the
politics of Peru. When in 1864 the Spanish fleet took the Chinchas islands,
although seriously ill, he sailed from Europe to offer his services to his
country, and at his request was placed on board of a Peruvian ship, where he
remained till the Vivanco-Pareja treaty.
When General Pezet's government was overthrown and war
against Spain declared, Echenique again entered the service as captain,
embarking in the sloop-of-war "Union," and took part in the campaign of Chiloe
and the combat of Abtao. Soon afterward he was sent to Europe to witness the
Austro-Prussian war. He was one of the principal authors of the project to
abolish the sale of guano on consignment, and was sent as an agent by his
government to Europe in 1869, where he negotiated the Dreyfus treaty; He has
lately dedicated himself exclusively to economic studies, and holds a prominent
place among the statesmen of his country.
Edited Appletons Encyclopedia by John Looby, Copyright © 2001
StanKlos.comTM
ECHENIQUE, Jose Rufino (aychayne'kay), Peruvian soldier, born in Puno, Peru, 8 February 1808 ; died in Arequipa, 18 October 1879. He entered the Peruvian army as a cadet in 1821, took part in the campaign of Intermedios in 1823, and fought at the battle of Coehabamba, where he was taken prisoner and sent to the Island of Esteves, in Lake Titicaca. After the battle of Ayacucho, 9 December, 1824, he was set at liberty, rejoined his battalion, and in daily battles contributed to the pacification of Punas de Iquicha, which was held by the royalists. He twice fought against the fortresses of Callao, which rebelled on 14 November 1830, and on 15 January 1831, he retreated to the Andes and occupied Cerro Pasco. In March of the same year Echenique fought at Junin against General Miller, and on 30 Jan. defended the bridge of Jobero with fourteen followers against 100 men under the same general. He was promoted colonel on 30 April 1832.
When General Santa Cruz occupied Peru in 1835, Echenique refused to join him; but in 1846, during the administration of Vivanco, he again entered the army, and was appointed commander-in-chief of Lima. In that year the civil war was devastating the country, and Echenique left Lima at the head of a small army, with which he occupied Junin and Ayacucho, and later, together with General Castillo, checked the second revolution headed by Domingo Elias, whom they forced to submit. On 14 December 1846, Echenique was promoted general. He was elected deputy, senator, and counselor of state, and from 1846 till 1851 was vice president of the republic. He was elected president in 1852. During his administration he fostered the material as well as the moral progress and development of his country. In 1853 he established the navigation of the upper Amazon, which proved beneficial to the towns along its course.
In 1854 Elias and Castillo revolted against him, and he was defeated in the struggle that followed, afterward going abroad, where he remained for seven years. He returned to Peru in 1862, and in 1864 was elected to congress. He was president of the lower house, afterward senator, and twice president of the latter body. On May 2, 1866, he took part in the combat of Callao against the Spanish squadron. General Echenique was decorated with several foreign orders.
His son, Juan Martin Echenique, born in Lima in 1841, was educated in Spain, and since 1859 he has taken active part in the politics of Peru. When in 1864 the Spanish fleet took the Chinchas islands, although seriously ill, he sailed from Europe to offer his services to his country, and at his request was placed on board of a Peruvian ship, where he remained till the Vivanco-Pareja treaty. When General Pezet's government was overthrown and war against Spain declared, Echenique again entered the service as captain, embarking in the sloop-of-war "Union," and took part in the campaign of Chiloe and the combat of Abtao. Soon afterward he was sent to Europe to witness the Austro-Prussian war. He was one of the principal authors of the project to abolish the sale of guano on consignment, and was sent as an agent by his government to Europe in 1869, where he negotiated the Dreyfus treaty; He has lately dedicated himself exclusively to economic studies, and holds a prominent place among the statesmen of his country.
