OVIEDO y VALDEZ, Gonzalo Fernandez de (o-ve-ay'-do), Spanish historian, born in Madrid in 1478; died in Valladolid in 1557. In early life he was a page of John, the son of Ferdinand and Isabella, and as such accompanied the monarchs to the siege of Granada. After the infante's death in 1497 he entered the service of Frederic of Aragon, king of Naples, and in 1513 was appointed royal warden of the gold-mines of Castilla de Oro on the isthmus. He was also a member of the council of Santa Maria la Antigua, but in 1515 returned to Spain to give the government information about the political and economical conditions of the American colonies, and, although he was appointed in 1526 governor of La Antigua, he returned soon again to Spain, where he continued to labor on the great historical work that he had begun in 1515.

In 1535 he was appointed commander of the castle of Santo Domingo, which place he occupied till 1545, when he returned to Spain with the appointment of Historian of the Spanish Indies. He now gave himself to the completion of his history, of which a summary had appeared under the title of "La Historia de las cosas sucedidas en mi tiempo en America" (Toledo, 1526), and its first part appeared as "Historia general y natural de las Indias Occidentales" (Seville, 1535), while the revision of the entire work was finished in 1548. Its publication, begun in Valladolid in 1550, was interrupted by the author's death, and the first complete edition was printed by order of the Royal Historical Academy (Madrid, 1851).

This work has not generally been judged correctly, on account of many inaccuracies in the historical part, and a strong prejudice against Columbus. But since its recent publication it became evident that it is one of the profoundest, and certainly the first, work on the natural history of America, for the treatment of which the author was specially qualified. It is embellished by illustrations that were drawn by the author, and some of his descriptions might serve as an example to modern naturalists. Partial translations of this work appeared in Italian by Giovanni Battista Ramusio (1550), and in English by Richard Eden (1577). Two works, also translated by Ramusio without giving the author's name, "Tratado del palo Guayacan y del palo Santo como antidoto contra la sifilis" and "Navegación del rio Marañon," are also attributed to Oviedo.

OVIEDO y VALDEZ, Gonzalo Fernandez de (o-ve-ay'-do), Spanish historian, born in Madrid in 1478 ; died in Valladolid in 1557. In early life he was a page of John, the son of Ferdinand and Isabella, and as such accompanied the monarchs to the siege of Granada. After the infante's death in 1497 he entered the service of Frederic of Aragon, king of Naples, and in 1513 was appointed royal warden of the gold-mines of Castilla de Oro on the isthmus. He was also a member of the council of Santa Maria la Antigua, but in 1515 returned to Spain to give the government information about the political and economical conditions of the American colonies, and, although he was appointed in 1526 governor of La Antigua, he returned soon again to Spain, where he continued to labor on the great historical work that he had begun in 1515. In 1535 he was appointed commander of the castle of Santo Domingo, which place he occupied till 1545, when he returned to Spain with the appointment of historian of the Spanish Indies. He now gave himself to the completion of his history, of which a summary had appeared under the title of " La Historia de las cosas sucedidas en mi tiempo en America" (Toledo, 1526), and its first part appeared as " Historia general y natural de las Indias Occidentales " (Seville, 1535), while the revision of the entire work was finished in 1548. Its publication, begun in Valladolid in 1550, was interrupted by the author's death, and the first complete edition was printed by order of the Royal historical academy (Madrid, 1851). This work has not generally been judged correctly, on account of many inaccuracies in the historical part, and a strong prejudice against Columbus. But since its recent publication it became evident that it is one of the profoundest, and certainly the first, work on the natural history of America, for the treatment of which the author was specially qualified. It is embellished by illustrations that were drawn by the author, and some of his descriptions might serve as an example to modern naturalists. Partial translations of this work appeared in Italian by Giovanni Battista Ramusio (1550), and in English by Richard Eden (1577). Two works, also translated by Ramusio without giving the author's name, "Tratado del palo Guayacan y del palo Santo como antidoto contra la sifilis" and "Navegacion del rio Maranon," are also attributed to Oviedo.

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Born in a Tavern and ending in a Tavern The United States Founding governments
occupied 11 different capitol buildings experienced 15 years of challenges that included war,
hyper-inflation, a failed constitution, judicial corruption, armed citizen and U.S. Army rebellion.

Which U.S. President adopted the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention
resolution, enacted the Northwest Ordinance, and backed George Washington,
James Madison and Nathaniel Gorham's resolution to submit the new U.S.
Constitution to the States for ratification without Congressional alterations?

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